Government Nuclear Energy Mission Targets 100 GWe by 2047 for Net Zero by 2070
Government Nuclear Energy Mission Targets 100 GWe by 2047 for Net Zero by 2070. The Government of India has announced an ambitious Nuclear Energy Mission in the Budget 2025 to achieve 100 GWe (Gigawatts of Electric) of nuclear energy capacity by 2047. This mission is a key part of India’s strategy to achieve Net Zero emissions by 2070 and to provide a sustainable and reliable alternative to fossil fuel-based energy sources.
Government Nuclear Energy Mission Targets 100 GWe by 2047 for Net Zero by 2070
Objectives of the Nuclear Energy Mission
The Nuclear Energy Mission focuses on:
✅ Replacing retiring thermal power plants with nuclear plants.
✅ Setting up captive nuclear plants for energy-intensive industries.
✅ Providing reliable energy for remote and off-grid locations.
✅ Decarbonizing the energy sector to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
Development of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)
The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) is leading the development of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) to meet future energy demands. SMRs are compact, efficient, and designed for quick deployment.
Types of SMRs Under Development
-
Bharat Small Modular Reactor (BSMR) – 200 MWe
- Designed to meet the growing energy needs of industries and urban centers.
- Compact and flexible design suitable for various terrains and locations.
-
Small Modular Reactor (SMR) – 55 MWe
- Suitable for smaller power requirements and remote areas.
- Lower costs and faster construction timeline.
-
Gas-Cooled High-Temperature Reactor
- Primarily aimed at hydrogen production.
- Offers dual benefits of power generation and clean fuel production.
Budget Allocation for SMR Deployment
- The government has allocated INR 20,000 crore in the Budget 2025 to deploy five SMRs by 2033.
- This fund will also support the development and research of SMRs.
- The funding reflects the government’s commitment to transitioning toward cleaner energy sources.
Private Sector Involvement in Nuclear Energy
Policy for Private Sector Partnership
- In the financial year 2024-25, a policy directive was issued to partner with the private sector for the development of small-sized nuclear plants.
- The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) has floated a Request for Proposal (RFP) to private industries to:
- Finance and build small-sized 220 MW PHWR-based nuclear power plants (NPPs).
- Develop nuclear power as captive plants for electricity production.
- The move aims to enhance private sector participation and bring in technological expertise.
Task Force for Policy Reforms
Amendments to Atomic Energy Act
- A Task Force has been constituted in the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) to propose amendments to the Atomic Energy Act.
- The Task Force includes representatives from:
- DAE – Department of Atomic Energy
- AERB – Atomic Energy Regulatory Board
- NPCIL – Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited
- NITI Aayog
- Ministry of Law and Justice (MoLJ)
- Ministry of External Affairs (MEA)
Key Focus Areas:
✅ Build, own, and operate nuclear power plants by the private sector.
✅ Ensuring nuclear safety, security, and safeguards.
✅ Fuel procurement, fabrication, and waste management.
✅ Spent fuel reprocessing and long-term storage solutions.
Reforms in Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act (CLND Act)
- A separate Task Force is reviewing the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act (CLND Act) to address concerns from private suppliers.
- The focus is on creating a balanced legal framework that encourages private investment while ensuring accountability and safety.
Strategic Importance of Nuclear Energy
- Nuclear energy is a key part of India’s transition to clean energy.
- The Nuclear Energy Mission will reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels.
- By 2047, nuclear energy is expected to contribute significantly to the national power grid, enhancing energy security.
India’s Current Nuclear Capacity
- India currently has an installed nuclear power capacity of 7,480 MWe from 22 reactors.
- An additional 8,700 MWe is under construction and expected to be operational by 2030.
Challenges and Future Outlook
Challenges:
🔸 High initial capital cost for nuclear projects.
🔸 Regulatory and safety approvals for new technologies.
🔸 Developing a skilled workforce for advanced nuclear technology.
Future Goals:
✅ Achieve 100 GWe nuclear capacity by 2047.
✅ Reduce the share of coal-based power generation.
✅ Establish India as a global leader in nuclear energy and hydrogen production.
Conclusion
The Nuclear Energy Mission marks a bold step in India’s clean energy transition. The government’s focus on developing Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), involving the private sector, and amending the regulatory framework reflects a comprehensive strategy for sustainable energy growth. If successfully implemented, this mission will not only help India meet its Net Zero target by 2070 but also strengthen the country’s position as a global leader in nuclear energy production and innovation.
